Answer: stripped

AnswerCrossword Clue
strippedPull or tear off (a garment or covering)
strippedSTRIP, to remove the outer covering
strippedRemove bark and branches from (a tree)
strippedLeave bare of accessories or fittings
stripped(of a screw, gearwheel, etc.) Lose its thread or teeth
strippedRemove the stems from (tobacco)
stripped(of a bullet) Be fired from a rifled gun without spin owing to a loss of surface
strippedTear the thread or teeth from (a screw, gearwheel, etc.)
strippedRemove paint from (a surface) with solvent
strippedRemove the accessory fittings of or take apart (a machine, motor vehicle, etc.) to inspect or adjust it
strippedRemove (paint) in this way
strippedTake off one's clothes
strippedDivest (a bond) of its interest coupons so that it and they may be sold separately
strippedRemove the clothes from (someone)
strippedMilk (a cow) to the last drop
STRIPPEDLost the threads?
strippedSell off (the assets of a company) for profit
strippedDeprive someone of (rank, power, or property)
strippedRemove all coverings from
STRIPPEDTook off
STRIPPEDEmulated an ecdysiast
STRIPPEDDeprived
STRIPPEDBare
STRIPPEDDid a burlesque routine
STRIPPEDDespoiled.
STRIPPEDDevoid of trappings.
STRIPPEDPeeled.
STRIPPEDRemoved paint from
STRIPPEDHow ancient Olympians competed
STRIPPEDDeprived (of)