the number of chromosomes in a cell
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ploidythe number of chromosomes in a cell
ploidiesPLOIDY, the number of chromosomes in a cell
haplosisThe halving of the number of chromosomes in a diploid cell during meiosis, resulting in two haploid cells
mitosesA type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth
mitosisa process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell, involves typically a series of steps consisting of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and results in the formation of two new nuclei each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus compare meiosis
karyotypeThe number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species
karyotypesThe number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species
endomitosisdivision of chromosomes not followed by nuclear division that results in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell
endomitosesENDOMITOSIS, division of chromosomes not followed by nuclear division that results in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell
hexaploida cell having six times the ordinary number of chromosomes
triploida cell having three times the haploid number of chromosomes
hexaploidsHEXAPLOID, a cell having six times the ordinary number of chromosomes
triploidsTRIPLOID, a cell having three times the haploid number of chromosomes
diploidorganism or cell having double the basic haploid number of chromosomes
diploidicorganism or cell having double the basic haploid number of chromosomes
diploidsorganism or cell having double the basic haploid number of chromosomes
haploidorganism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes, ordinarily half the normal diploid number
haploidsorganism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes, ordinarily half the normal diploid number
cytotaxonomythe classification of organisms based on cell structure, esp the number, shape, etc., of the chromosomes
cytotaxonomiesCYTOTAXONOMY, the classification of organisms based on cell structure, esp the number, shape, etc., of the chromosomes
reductionsThe halving of the number of chromosomes per cell that occurs at one of the two anaphases of meiosis
reductionThe halving of the number of chromosomes per cell that occurs at one of the two anaphases of meiosis
endopolyploidya polyploid state in which the chromosomes have divided repeatedly without subsequent division of the nucleus or cell
plasmidsA genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes, typically a small circular DNA strand in the cytoplasm of a bacterium or protozoan. Plasmids are much used in the laboratory manipulation of genes
eukaryoteany organism having as its fundamental structural unit a cell type that contains specialized organelles in the cytoplasm, a membrane-bound nucleus enclosing genetic material organized into chromosomes, and an elaborate system of division by mitosis or mei
nucleoidthe central region in a prokaryotic cell, as a bacterium, that contains the chromosomes and that has no surrounding membrane
ploidiesthe number of homologous chromosome sets present in a cell or organism
ploidythe number of homologous chromosome sets present in a cell or organism
neurofibrilone of a large number of fine fibres present in the cytoplasm of a nerve cell
neurofibrilsNEUROFIBRIL, one of a large number of fine fibres present in the cytoplasm of a nerve cell
polytypeAny of a number of forms of a crystalline substance that differ in only one of the dimensions of the unit cell
polytypesAny of a number of forms of a crystalline substance that differ in only one of the dimensions of the unit cell
anaphasesThe stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle
anaphasethe stage in mitosis or meiosis following metaphase in which the daughter chromosomes move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell
telophasesThe final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed
plasmidsegment of DNA independent of the chromosomes and capable of replication, occurring in bacteria and yeast: used in recombinant DNA procedures to transfer genetic material from one cell to another
telophasethe final stage of meiosis or mitosis, in which the separated chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the dividing cell and the nuclei of the daughter cells form around the two sets of chromosomes
meiosispart of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid
meioticpart of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid